Compazine (Prochlorperazine Maleate)

Compazine Review

Companzine is used to treat the nausea and vomiting caused by radiation therapy, cancer chemotherapy, surgery, and other conditions. Prochlorperazine is also used to treat psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and hostility.

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Compazine Drug Class and Mechanism

Prochlorperazine is available as an oral liquid, tablets, and suppositories, as well as in an injectable form. Following intramuscular injection the antiemetic action is evident within 5 to 10 minutes and lasts for 3 to 4 hours. Rapid action is also noted after buccal treatment. With oral dosing the start of action is delayed but the duration somewhat longer (approximately 6 hours). There is an inhaled form of prochlorperazine under development by Alexza Pharmaceuticals, currently in Phase II clinical trials.

Compazine Uses

Prochlorperazine (generic Prochlorperazine) is a highly potent neuroleptic, which is 10-20 times more potent than chlorpromazine. This medication is in a class of drugs called phenothiazines.Take Compazine tablets by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Swallow the tablets with a drink of water. Take your doses at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Contact your pediatrician or health care professional regarding the use of Compazine in children. Special care may be needed. Elderly patients over age 65 years may have a stronger reaction to Compazine and need smaller doses.

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Compazine Side Effects

Due to the short duration of treatment it is usually well tolerated. It shares in general all side effects of chlorpromazine, but these are seen less frequently so and are less disturbing to the patient, particularly as most patients with the aforementioned conditions are hospitalized. In the treatment of nausea/emesis it might be given together with an antiparkinsonian drug to prevent extrapyramidal side effects of prochlorperazine. Some individuals are inherently allergic to this medicine. This medicine is known to produce seizures and seizure-like symptoms in individuals who might not have had prior seizures. In such cases, contact health-care facilities for immediate attention. Long-term delays might lead to long-term effects. In extreme cases, it has been known to produce permanent damage to the lower jaw and the jaw joint due to extended seizure symptoms. If treating psychotic conditions on a long-term basis, the high incidence of early and late (tardive dyskinesia) extrapyramidal side effects should be considered carefully. Prochlorperazine has in the long-term treatment approximately the same incidence and severity of extrapyramidal side effects as haloperidol.

Compazine Pregnancy

Safety for the use of Compazine during pregnancy has not been established. Therefore, Compazine is not recommended for use in pregnant patients except in cases of severe nausea and vomiting that are so serious and intractable that, in the judgment of the physician, drug intervention is required and potential benefits outweigh possible hazards.

Compazine Overdose

SYMPTOMS Primarily involvement of the extrapyramidal mechanism producing some of the dystonic reactions described above. Symptoms of central nervous system depression to the point of somnolence or coma. Agitation and restlessness may also occur. Other possible manifestations include convulsions, EKG changes and cardiac arrhythmias, fever and autonomic reactions such as hypotension, dry mouth and ileus. TREATMENT It is important to determine other medications taken by the patient since multiple-dose therapy is common in overdosage situations. Treatment is essentially symptomatic and supportive. Early gastric lavage is helpful. Keep patient under observation and maintain an open airway, since involvement of the extrapyramidal mechanism may produce dysphagia and respiratory difficulty in severe overdosage. Do not attempt to induce emesis because a dystonic reaction of the head or neck may develop that could result in aspiration of vomitus. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be treated with anti-parkinsonism drugs, barbiturates or Benadryl . See prescribing information for these products. Care should be taken to avoid increasing respiratory depression.

Compazine More Information

Keep out of the reach of children in a container that small children cannot open.